Professor YAO Kuiwu is a famous young and middle-aged traditional Chinese medicine doctor in the capital, an expert who enjoys the special allowance of the State Council. He has won the "young and middle-aged expert with outstanding national contributions" and the first "Youth May 4th Medal of central state organs". He is the head of YAO Kuiwu expert team of famous Chinese medicine side project in Beijing. Dr. YAO Kuiwu, the chief physician, has accumulated rich experience in the process of syndrome differentiation and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Professor YAO Kuiwu believes that the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease is closely related to the imbalance of Zang-Fu organs. In clinic, Professor YAO Kuiwu is good at using the method of ascending and descending to treat heart diseases, paying attention to the regulating role of spleen and stomach, liver and lung, heart and kidney in the ascending and descending of Zang-Fu organs, adapting to the ascending and descending of Zang-Fu organs, and reconciling Yin and Yang of Qi and blood of the heart, in order to achieve the body up and down, in and out, metabolism in a harmonious and orderly state. He believes that the liver governs the soothing, the spleen dominates the movement, and the harmony of the liver and spleen is the key to the coordination of Qi ascending and descending. In the treatment, Professor YAO Kuiwu often chooses Sini Powder (四逆散) to regulate the ascending and releasing of the liver and spleen, and it is appropriate to soothe the liver and relieve depression, invigorate the spleen to help transport to restore the ascending and descending function, tonify the heart, carry out painstaking efforts, and nourish the heart. By reducing phlegm and blood stasis, Professor YAO Kuiwu often relieves the function of lung Qi, helps the heart to move the blood, and at the same time pays attention to the protection of stomach Qi, regulating middle Jiao, ascending, descending and harmonizing. This paper introduced Professor YAO Kuiwu's clinical experience in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases with ascending and descending method, which is further explained from four aspects: the origin of ascending and descending theory, the relationship between ascending and descending theory and cardiovascular diseases, the application of ascending and descending adjustment method in cardiovascular diseases and experience of famous doctors.