Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease and is difficult to treat clinically. The main symptom of rheumatoid arthritis is symmetrical and erosive polyarthritis, which can damage the articular cartilage and surrounding soft tissue, and even erodes bone and involves multiple organs. Western medicine has no specific drug and there are many adverse reactions of antirheumatic drugs, which makes it difficult for many patients to insist on taking drugs. Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages on treating this disease. Chaihu Guizhi Decoction (柴胡桂枝汤), as a famous prescription, is widely used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis is healthy energy deficiency and evil excess, and this prescription runs through strengthening body resistance and eliminating evil, with exquisite medication and proper compatibility, and can recover the functions of spleen ascending and stomach descending and relieve pain urgently. The application of Chaihu Guizhi Decoction in the treatment of this disease has definite curative effect on the syndromes of Shaoyang and Taiyang. This article is intended to elaborate from the following aspects: the treatment of comorbidity of Taiyang and Shaoyang can obtain a good initial effect; Bi syndrome is derived from a variety of changes in the disease, mild symptoms can be used together with a variety of therapies. The treatment is dredging the triple energizer and regulating Qiactivity; the prescription attaches great importance to Qi movement and has definite curative effect when applied clinically. It is proved that Chaihu Guizhi Decoction is effective in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Whether it can control and cure the disease needs further study and confirmation.