Malignant hematopathy refers to various types of acute and chronic leukemia, lymphoma, myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloproliferativetumor, multiplemyelomaandotherhematological malignancies.Chemotherapy is a conventional treatment for most hematological malignancies, but chemotherapy drugs kill tumor cells as well as normal cells, causing a series of adverse reactions.Stomach qi is an important concept in the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine.The spleen and stomach are the foundation of postnatal existence, the sufficient source of qi and blood, the hinge of Qi rising and falling, and closely related to other organs.Stomach qi is an important embodiment of the functions of the spleen and stomach.Thus, it is of great significance to explore the application of the theory of "Stomach gives life" in clinical practice.Deficiency of the spleen and stomach is an important cause of hematologic malignancies in chemotherapy patients and an important factor in the pathogenesis of tumors.Chemotherapy leads to the aggravation of the spleen and stomach weakness in patients with hematologic malignancies.Regulating the spleen and stomach and protecting stomach qi play an important role in chemotherapy of malignant hematological diseases.In the early stage of chemotherapy, treatment should be centered on regulating qi and eliminating pathogenic factors, and also on protecting the stomach qi;during chemotherapy, it should be centered on strengthening the body resistance to eliminate pathogenic factors and regulating the spleen and stomach;in the later stage of chemotherapy, it should be centered on strengthening the healthy qi and restoring stomach qi.The combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine is more effective.In clinical practice, it is necessary to prescribe according to syndrome differentiation.The medicinals should be pure, flat in property and light in quantity, so as to avoid the use of drugs that hurt the spleen and stomach, such as medicinals greatly heat and pungent in property, greatly bitter and cold in property or medicinals greatly invigorating.