The article reports Professor Tian Xuefei’s clinical use of pure traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of rare red blood cell aplastic anemia with systemic nodular pruritus for one case. In traditional Chinese medicine system, nodular pruritus is common in two kinds of syndromes, syndrome of dampness-heat-wind-toxin and syndrome of blood stasis-wind dryness. Suffering pure red aplastic anemia for several years, the patient shows symptoms far from the common syndromes. It belongs to the category of yin syndrome of syndrome-differentiation of the six meridian, which is attributed to the weakness of kidney-yang, blood and essence caused by the disease. The treatment is mainly based on warming yang, supplemented by replenishing Jing and nourishing the blood to fix the foundation. Dredging the body by buildup health and the effect is remarkable. Professor believes that traditional Chinese medicine treatment should be based on physical fitness and treatment based on syndrome differentiation, in order to find the pathogenesis, medicine to the disease.