Optic neuromyelitis (NMO) is an autoimmune disease, which has the characteristics of expensive treatment and high recurrence rate. At present, the Chinese medicine community does not pay enough attention to this disease. Professor ZHANG Lei summarized the pathogenesis of NMO into three aspects: the mechanism of poisonous heat intrusion, the injury of the muscles and the erosion of the pulp; the tendency of phlegm and blood stasis, and the veins are blocked; The five internal organs are incapable of insulting, and the blood is exhausted. To sum up, the essential essence of NMO is: combining disease and syndrome, distinguishing the primary and secondary heat, blood stasis, phlegm, and fire; the same color and pulse, distinguishing the shallowness and depth of the meridians and organs; Summarize the five syndrome treatment principles of removing turbid and tonifying method, nourishing dryness and producing fluid of the body, removing dampness and relaxing muscles, removing blood stasis and tonifying the collaterals, and Guyuan Qiwei method, combined with specific treatment cases to further prove its therapeutic effect.