On the basis of traditional eight-principal syndrome differentiation and medical theories of past dynasties, Professor SHEN Shuwen combined with years of clinical practice, proposed a “three dimensions and six principles“ syndrome differentiation method for esophageal cancer, integrating the six principals of cold and heat, deficiency and excess, reverse and stagnation throughout the cause and nature of disease, and disease state ofesophageal cancer. The main method of clinical diagnosis is to absorb food into the grains and store the stomach qi,and the treatment is to resolve phlegm and promote qi, detoxify and remove blood stasis, etc., especially to moisturize and reduce, often obtain good effect. This article combined typical cases to introduce Professor SHEN’s experience insyndrome differentiation and treatment for esophageal cancer based on the “three dimensions and six principles“ , in order to provide differentiation and treatment ideas for TCM related treatment.