Dilated cardiomyopathy is a heterogeneous cardiomyopathy characterized by ventricular enlargement and decreased systolic function. DCM has high incidence and low 5-year survival rate, the long-term prognosis is also poor. Professor Jin-Ru Fan thinks, this disease belongs to "heart distension" in traditional Chinese medicine, whose main pathological features are deficiency, stasis, phlegm and toxin. The treatment focuses on supplementing qi, transforming phlegm and stasis as well as resolving toxins. Professor Fan administers treatment according to pattern, creating "Yi Xin Xiao Zhang Decoction" , which makes the curative effect of patients with DCM improve significantly. The author recorded and summarized mentor's experience in diagnosis and treatment of DCM, sharing the experience and studying with all doctors.