Chronic nephritis is a group of primary glomerular diseases composed of a variety of different etiologies and pathological types. Its clinical characteristics are lingering and difficult to heal, easy to relapse, accompanied by varying degrees of edema, proteinuria, hematuria, hypertension and/or azotemia, and progressive renal function damage. This paper systematically expounds Professor YANG Nizhi's academic thought and clinical experience in the treatment of chronic nephritis from the aspects of etiology and pathogenesis, experience induction and case analysis. Professor YANG Nizhi believes that chronic nephritis belongs to the categories of "edema" and "urine turbidity" in traditional Chinese medicine. Most of chronic nephritis is the syndrome of deficiency and excess, which is the deficiency and loss of Zang-Fu organs. The deficiency and excess is due to the deficiency and loss of Zang-Fu organs, resulting in Qi movement dysfunction, retention of dampness, turbidity and toxic pathogens, or external pathogens invading the human body, most of which are water-dampness, dampness-heat and blood stasis. Its clinical treatment focuses on the combination of disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation, the combination of evil and vital Qi, and the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Its treatment of chronic nephritis based on the theory of "Qi deficiency and blood stasis" has a significant clinical effect, which can effectively delay the progress of the disease and improve the quality of life of patients. According to its common clinical prescriptions, the author summarizes the basic prescriptions and their modified formulae in the treatment of chronic nephritis, in order to provide the experience and ideas of syndrome differentiation and treatment.